Summarizing


 * Summarizing **
 * Checklist on Observation Tool 2012-13: **
 * Ultimately answer the essential question ||
 * Are included as assessment prompts in the lesson plan ||
 * Occur throughout the lesson ||
 * Provide an opportunity for all students to respond ||
 * Utilize different summarizing strategies throughout lesson plans ||
 * Require students to process/apply information ||
 * Produce evidence of student learning (or lack of learning) ||
 * Include summarizing at the end of the lesson ||
 * The teacher responds to students’ needs based on evidence from the summarizing strategies (may be observed during the lesson or discussed later) ||

__LOOK FORs__
 * Summarizing reflects evidence of student learning
 * All students have the opportunity to participate in summarizing
 * Summarizing is guided by the //essential question//

__ASK ABOUTs__
 * What summarizing strategy did you use in your lesson?
 * How do you provide an opportunity for all students to summarize?
 * What evidence do you have of student learning?


 * There are TWO ways to use summarizing in your lesson. **
 * 1) **DURING THE LESSON~ DISTRIBUTED SUMMARIZING: //ASSESSMENT PROMPTS// **
 * 2) **AFTER THE LESSON **

Helps students self –assess. || Think of the teaching component as a series of distributed learning experiences each followed by an assessment prompt: Teach Assessment Prompt Teach Assessment Prompt Teach Assessment Prompt || Design questions and tasks that will elicit evidence of learning. Use to check for understanding at strategic points in the lesson. ||
 * __1. DURING THE LESSON ~ Distributed Summarizing: //Assessment Prompts// __**
 * // Using Assessment Prompts During Teaching //**
 * **What?** || **Why?** || **When?** || **How?** ||
 * Questions and tasks designed to gather evidence of learning throughout the lesson. || Helps teachers adjust instruction.
 * Planning questions: Are assessment prompts used throughout the lesson to check for understanding? Do the assessment prompts allow you to assess all students?
 * Examples of activities to use with Assessment Prompts:** ||
 * Examples of activities to use with Assessment Prompts:** ||


 * __2. AFTER THE LESSON: Summarizing __**


 * **What? ** || **Why? ** || **When? ** ||
 * Students summarize learning **__and answer the essential question.__** || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Gives evidence of student learning.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Helps students remember the content longer. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Throughout the lesson and at the end. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">How will I ensure that all students participate? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Does the activity have students answer the essential question? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Did I use an activating strategy that I can return to here?
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Summarizing Strategy Planning Questions: **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">3 key terms <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">2 ideas they would like to learn more about <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">1 concept or skill they think they have mastered <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">OR…Make them up! <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">3 situations where you would need to find perimeter <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">2 ways to find the perimeter of a rectangle <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">1 way that you’ll remember what perimeter is
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 19px;">Summarizing Strategy Examples **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">3-2-1: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students write about 3 things, 2 things, 1 thing.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">3-Minute Pause: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">After or during instruction, ask students to pause and reflect on what was learned for three minutes. Students might work individually, in pairs, or in small groups to build summary. (Good, quick, “turn to a partner”.)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Acrostic Summary: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Write a word or phrase for each letter in the topic being studied. (Also called **The Last Word**: Create phrases, words or sentences for each letter in the topic that describe the key points of the topic.)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Alphabetical Summary: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Distribute magnetic, plastic, or wooden letters to each pair or group. The students must generate a sentence that tells an important detail about the topic being studied that begins with the letter assigned.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">What changes did you make? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">What part did you struggle with? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">What would you do differently next time?
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Anticipation Guide: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students revisit the anticipation guide to respond based on new learning.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Application Cards: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">At the end of the lesson, students write a real world application for te knowledge on a small card and submit the cards to the teacher.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Card Sort: **Students have the chance to classify topics, words, and phrases into categories. The process of sorting and classifying strengthens the student's ability to comprehend and retain difficult information. Through a discussion of possible solutions, students negotiate the contextual meaning of the topics, words, or phrases. This can have a G.O. with titles, or not.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Dear ______ **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;"> (Absent Student, teacher, Principal, etc.) Write a letter to ____________________ explaining what has been learned and answering the essential question. This lesson was about…I already knew…but was surprised to learn…you would have enjoyed…to summarize, I think…Hurry back to class…


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Find the Fib: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Groups of students write two true statements and one false statement, then challenge other teams to “Find the Fib.”
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Frayer: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">While designed for introducing vocabulary, this also makes an excellent summarizer with students giving characteristics, examples, non-examples, and the most important thing about a topic.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Give One, Get One: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students list as many words or concepts they can think of related to the given prompt. After a pre-set amount of time, they get up and find a partner. They take one idea from their partner’s list to add to their own, and then they give one to their partner. They continue switching and repeating the process. (You can then count terms and reward the highest number of terms.)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Hot Seat: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Before the beginning of class, the teacher prepares 4-5 questions related to the topic of study and writes them on sticky notes. Place the sticky notes underneath student desks so they are hidden from view. At beginning of class, inform students that several of them are sitting in “Hot Seats” and will be asked to answer the questions. Have the students check their desks for the strategically placed sticky notes. Students who are in the “Hot Seats” take turns answering the questions. Could this be done at the beginning to reduce stress?


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Inner / Outer Circle: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students stand facing each other (in two large circles). The teacher reads questions and one of the circles rotates a designated number of people. Another question is asked, and so on.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">It’s Okay to Pass Summary Notes: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students write a summary paragraph answering the essential questions on a small piece of paper. Notes are exchanged with a partner who responds to the accuracy of the answer.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Jeopardy: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students are given answers worth different points and have to come up with a question that fits.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">K-W-L: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students complete the “L” on the K-W-L and summarize what has been learned.

//__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Examples of Prompts for Learning Logs: __// <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">How did your thinking change? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">I would like to find the answer to… <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">I would like to learn more about… <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">I’ve been thinking about… <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">It was hard for me to learn about… <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Today I learned…… <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">My work shows… <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Something new I learned today is… <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">(Hint: Use the Bloom words to increase level!)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Learning Logs: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Use composition books, stenographer pads or student made learning logs.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Letter Bag: **Select students to choose a letter from the bag. Each student shares a word that begins with his letter and that summarizes the lesson’s content. Or…create a list with as many words as you can. Or…Give a word to the WHOLE class and have them come up with words starting with each letter. Or….let students come up with the best word to summarize the content and THEN use the letters as a mnemonic.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Muddiest Point: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students are asked to name or describe the concept they understand the least (their “muddiest” point).


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Mystery Box: **Teacher displays a box with a variety of objects or vocabulary cards inside relating to the content. Teacher selects students to draw an object or card from the bag, one by one. Students discuss orally or in writing what they know about each item as it relates to the content.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Recipe: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students list the main ingredients of the lesson. If appropriate, they can also include instructions about how to prepare.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Relay Summary: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students are divided into small groups. The first student starts with a blank piece of paper and writes a sentence about the topic discussed during the lesson. The second person adds a sentence then passes it on. This continues until all students have written one sentence each.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Summaries on a Ring: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students write an essential question and a summary answer on an index card. Hole punch the index cards for students to keep on an “O” ring as the unit progresses.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Summary Sentence: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Write one sentence that summarizes the learning answering the who, what, when, where, why, how about the topic.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">The Envelope, Please: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">At the start of class, every student gets an envelope with a question in it. At the end each person opens theirs and shares the answer.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">The important thing about ____________________ is __________________________. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Three things I wonder about… <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">But, the most important thing about _____________________ is __________________.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">The Important Thing: **


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Ticket out the Door: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Students respond to a prompt which they may turn in, share with the class, or share with another pair. Example “Tell the major point of today’s lesson making sure you have answered the essential question. If you are unsure about something from the lesson, please write down your question.”


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Tic-Tac-Know: **Using a board of images or words, explain to your table or a partner how 3 of the pictures or terms relate or connect - in a row either up, down, across, or diagonal. You can have students discuss or write.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Visual Prompts: **Teacher provides students with a picture along with a prompt:a magazine photo, an illustration, a slide, transparency, snapshot, etc. Students respond to it in writing or in a classroom discussion using one of the following formats:narrative, descriptive, persuasive, or expository.